Question 1. Name the elements that determine the weather of a place.
Solution 1. The elements that determine the weather of a place are temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed, etc.
Question 2. When are the maximum and minimum temperatures likely to occur during the day?
Solution 2. The maximum temperature is likely to happen during the afternoon whereas the minimum temperature is during the early morning.
Question 3. Fill in the blanks
(i) The average weather taken over a long time is called __________
(ii) A place receives very little rainfall and the temperature is high throughout the year, the climate of that place will be ________ and _________
(iii) The two regions of the earth with extreme climatic conditions are __________ and ____________
Solution 3. (i) The average weather taken over a long time is called the climate of the place.
(ii) A place receives very little rainfall and the temperature is high throughout the year, the climate of that place will be hot and dry.
(iii) The two regions of the earth with extreme climatic conditions are polar and tropical regions.
Question 4. Indicate the type of climate of the following areas:
(a) Jammu and Kashmir:
(b) Kerala:,
(c) Rajasthan:
(d) North-east India:
solution 4. (a) Jammu and Kashmir—moderately hot and moderately wet climate.
(b) Kerala—very hot and wet climate.
(c) Rajasthan—hot and dry climate.
(d) North-east India— It has a wet climate as it receives rain for a major part of the year.
Question 5. Which of the two changes frequently, weather or climate?
solution 5. Weather changes frequently.
Question 6. Following are some of the characteristics of animals:
(i) Diets heavy on fruits, (ii) White fur (iii) Need to migrate (iv) Loud voice
(v) Sticky pads on feet (vi) Layer of fat under the skin
(vii) Wide and large paws (viii) Bright colours
(ix) Strong tails (x) Long and large beak
For each characteristic indicate whether it is an adaptation for tropical rainforests or polar regions. Do you think that some of these characteristics can be adapted for both regions?
Solution 6.
Question 7. The tropical rainforest has a large population of animals. Explain why it is so.
Solution 7. The reason behind the large population of animals in the tropical rainforest is its hot and humid temperature and continuous rainfall that is suitable for the survival of many animals.
Question 8. Explain with examples, why we find animals of certain kinds living in particular climatic conditions.
Solution 8. Adaptation is important for survival and animals adapt the feature and habits of the place where they live for their survival therefore, we find different kinds of animals in different climate conditions.
For example: In polar regions, the climate is extremely cold therefore animals who live there have special characteristics suitable to that place like white fur, a strong sense of smell, a layer of fat under the skin, and wide and large paws for walking and swimming in snow.
Question 9. How do elephants living in tropical rainforests adapt themselves?
Solution 9. The elephants living in the tropical rainforest have adapted to the climatic condition of that place in the following ways:
- It has a strong sense of smell by using its trunk as a nose.
- It uses its trunk to pick up fruits.
- It uses its modified teeth to tear the bark of trees.
- The large ears of the elephants keep them cool in the hot and humid climate of tropical rainforests and also help them to hear even very soft sounds.
Question 10. Choose the correct option which answers the following question:
A carnivore with stripes on its body moves very fast while catching its prey. It is likely to be found in:
(i) polar regions (ii) deserts
(iii) oceans (iv) tropical rainforests
Ans. (iv) tropical rainforests
Question 11. Which features adapt polar bears to live in an extremely cold climate?
(i) A white fur, fat below the skin, keen sense of smell.
(ii) Thin skin, large eyes, a white fur.
(iii) A long tail, strong claws, and white large paws.
(iv) White body, paws for swimming, gills for respiration.
Ans.(iv) A white fur, fat below skin, keen sense of smell.
Question 12. Which option best describes a tropical region?
(i) hot and humid
(ii) moderate temperature, heavy rainfall (iii) cold and humid (iv) hot and dry
Ans.(i) Hot and humid