Class 10 Chapter 3 Metals and Non- Metals
Class 10 Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts
Introduction The taste of the food that we eat depends on the presence of acids and bases in them. Acids are sour in taste and change the colour of blue litmus to red. Bases are bitter in taste and change the colour of red litmus to blue. Litmus and turmeric are natural indicators. Some other …
Class 10 Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations
Introduction Any type of change can be classified as physical change or chemical change. Physical changes can be reversed easily but chemical changes are mostly irreversible because in chemical changes new substances are formed and it is very difficult to obtain the original substances back. We can say that whenever a chemical change occurs, a …
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Class 9 Chapter 3 Atoms and Molecules
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Class 9 Chapter1 Matter in our Surroundings
Introduction Anything that occupies space and has mass is called Matter. According to early Indian philosophers, every living and non-living thing is made of five basic elements called the panchtatava- Air, water, earth, sky and fire. Therefore, the matter is composed of these five constituents. Properties of Matter The matter is made up of very …
Class 8 Chapter 18 Pollution of Air and Water
Introduction Our environment used to be very pure where fresh air and clean water were available. Now the quality of is environment is falling down which affects our lives. People suffering because of many waterborne diseases and poor air quality. Water and air are of great importance in human lives in many ways but the …
Class 8 Chapter 17 Stars and the Solar System
Introduction On a dark night in a clear atmosphere where there is no bright light, dust or smoke we can see the sky full of twinkling stars. we can notice many other objects that do not twinkle they are known as planets. The brightest object in the night sky is the moon. In the sky, …
Class 8 Chapter 16 Light
Introduction One of the most important senses is the sense of light. We see a beam of sunlight, a beam of a headlight, and a beam of light from a torch. A beam of light from LED. Because of the light, we are able to see things around us. Like mountains, rivers, trees, sentences printed …